As concerns about climate change and environmental conservation grow, many people look for ways to make their outdoor spaces more sustainable. Eco-friendly landscaping and gardening are two popular strategies. While these practices share similar goals, their approaches vary.
Knowing the difference between the two can help you plan a space that satisfies your aesthetic goals and contributes to a greener planet.
What Is the Difference Between Landscaping and Gardening?
While you may have heard the two terms used interchangeably, there’s a clear distinction between landscaping and gardening. The main difference lies in the scope and focus of the two practices.
Landscaping
Landscaping refers to the design and layout of an outdoor space, including structural elements like patios, walkways and water features. It also includes hardscaping — nonplant elements such as stones, fences and paths — and the planning and installation of plants that support the overall design.
Landscaping is generally a larger-scale endeavor that focuses on creating functional and aesthetic outdoor spaces.
Gardening
Gardening is more about cultivating biolife and managing green spaces. This includes planting flowers, vegetables, shrubs and trees, as well as tending to them by pruning, watering and fertilizing. It’s usually more plant-centric and involves hands-on care of the plants you’ve chosen to grow.
Gardening is a subset of landscaping that focuses entirely on nurturing plants.
Eco-Friendly Landscaping vs. Gardening
Now, see how eco-friendly strategies compare.
What Is Eco-Friendly Landscaping?
Eco-friendly landscaping aims to create outdoor spaces that harmonize with the local ecosystem. The hallmarks of eco-friendly landscaping include:
- Water conservation: The average lawn requires 21,600 gallons of drinking-quality water every season. To combat this, look into xeriscaping, which is essentially drought-tolerant landscaping.
- Native plant selection: Choosing plants native to your region reduces the need for additional water, fertilizers and pesticides. Native plants are also better able to support local wildlife.
- Water management: Install rain gardens, permeable paving, swales or smart irrigation systems to manage runoff, reduce water waste and replenish groundwater supplies.
- Energy-efficient design: Position trees and shrubs strategically to provide summer shade.
- Organic maintenance: Organic fertilizers, compost and natural pest-control methods avoid harsh chemicals that can harm the environment.
- Prioritizing sustainable materials: Use reclaimed wood, stone or recycled materials for pathways and structures.
- Biodiversity: Design landscapes that provide diverse habitats and food sources to support local wildlife.
What Is an Eco-Friendly Garden?
Eco-friendly gardening focuses on nurturing productive gardens while minimizing impact on the environment. This approach emphasizes:
- Planting a pollinator-friendly garden: Choose flowers, shrubs and trees that attract bees, butterflies and other pollinators to contribute to protecting declining populations.
- Seed saving: Collect and store seeds from year to year to maintain genetic diversity and reduce the need for purchased seeds.
- Composting: Adding organic matter improves soil health and fertility. For example, you can make homemade fertilizer with crushed eggshells to provide essential minerals like calcium to your garden soil.
- Integrated pest management: Use eco-friendly pest control methods to manage insect and disease issues.
- Water conservation: Employ techniques like drip irrigation, mulching and water-efficient plant selection to minimize water usage.
Why Eco-Friendly Gardening and Landscaping Are Important
Eco-friendly landscaping and gardening provide significant environmental benefits. One of the primary advantages is water conservation. Practices like harvesting rainwater, irrigating and planting drought-tolerant species lower water usage, ensuring this precious resource is used more efficiently.
Another benefit is protecting soil health and local ecosystems. By minimizing the use of harmful chemicals, these methods prevent soil degradation, decrease water pollution and attract pollinators. Planting native species further enhances biodiversity by creating habitats for local wildlife and promoting ecological balance.
Strategic tree placement can provide shade during the hot seasons and act as windbreakers during the cold months, reducing reliance on air conditioners and lowering energy bills. Growing your own fruits, vegetables or herbs in an eco-friendly garden encourages healthier eating habits and cuts down on food waste.
Beyond environmental impact, these practices also improve mental well-being. Connecting with nature through gardening or relaxing in a thoughtfully landscaped space offers a way to reduce stress, elevate mood and enjoy outdoor beauty.
The Bottom Line: Landscaping vs. Gardening
Ultimately, the choice between eco-friendly landscaping and gardening comes down to your goals. Both approaches are interconnected and can work together to create a truly sustainable outdoor environment.
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